what exactly do you mean by led ?

 

What do you mean by led ?

A brief introduction to how light-emitting diodes work.

In the simplest sense an LED ( led full form) is the semiconductor device that releases light when an electric current is traversed through it. Light is produced when the particles carrying this current (known as holes and electrons) combine together within the materials of the semiconductor.

Because light is produced within the solid semiconductor material LEDs are classified as solid-state electronics. The term "solid-state light," that also includes organic LEDs (OLEDs) makes this lighting technology from other sources using hot filaments (incandescent and tungsten halogen lamps) and gas discharge (fluorescent lamp).

Different colors
Within the semiconductor material of the LED the electrons and holes are contained in energy bands. The band separation (i.e. that is the bandgap) determines the energy that the photons (light particles) which are released through the LED.

The energy of the photon determines the wavelength of light emitted and, consequently, its color. Different semiconductor materials with different bands produce various shades of light. The precise wavelength (color) can be adjusted by changing the structure of the light emitting or active, region.

LEDs are made up of compound semiconductors, composed of elements from the groups III and V on the periodic table (these are called III-V materials). Some examples of III-V substances commonly used in the production of LEDs are gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium phosphide (GaP).

In the early 90s, LEDs were only available in only a few colors including commercial blue and white LEDs did not exist. The invention of LEDs that were based on the gallium-nitride (GaN) materials system has expanded the palette of colors and enabled a myriad of new applications.

Main LED materials
The principal semiconductor materials utilized to create LEDs are:

  • Indium gallium Nitride (InGaN):blue, violet and green high-brightness leds.
  • aluminum gallium phosphide (AlGaInP):yellow, orange and red high-brightness LEDs
  • Aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs):red and infrared LEDs
  • Gallium Phosphide (GaP):yellow and green LEDs

Learn About LED Lighting

The Basics of LED Lighting

What are LEDs and how do they work?

LEDstands for light emitting diode. LED lighting products emit light as high as 90% more efficiently than incandescent light bulbs. How do they function? A current of electricity flows through a microchip. The microchip creates light sources that are tiny known as LEDs. The results are visible lights. To ensure that the LEDs perform properly the heat that LEDs generate is absorbed into a heat sink.

Lifetime of LED Lighting Products

The time-to-use of LED lighting is different from that for other sources of light such as incandescent light or compact fluorescent lighting (CFL). LEDs generally do not "burn out" or fail. Instead, they experience 'lumen depreciation', wherein the brightness of the LED decreases gradually over the course of. As opposed to incandescent bulbs "lifetime" is established on a prediction of when the brightness decreases by 30 percent.

How are LEDs Used in Lighting

LEDs are integrated into bulbs and fixtures for general lighting purposes. Small in size, LEDs provide unique design opportunities. A few LED bulb designs may look similar to traditional light bulbs and better match the look of traditional light bulbs. Certain LED lighting fixtures might have LEDs built in as a permanent light source. Also, hybrid options that use a non-traditional "bulb" or replaceable light source is employed and specifically designed for a unique fixture. LEDs are a fantastic opportunity for innovation in lighting designs and have a wider breadth of applications than traditional lighting technology.

LEDs and Heat

LEDs employ heat sinks to absorb the heat produced by the LED and disperse it out into the surrounding area. This helps keep LEDs from overheating or burning out. Temperature management is generally the single most significant factor that determines the effectiveness of an LED during its life. The more heated the LEDs are used at, the quicker the light's quality will diminish and the shorter its time-to-use will be.

LED products use a variety of unique heat sink designs and designs to regulate heat. Modern advances in materials allow manufacturers to create LED bulbs that match the shapes and sizes of traditional incandescent bulbs. Whatever the heat sink design, all LED products that have received the ENERGY STAR have been tested to make sure that they have the ability to properly manage heat so that light output is adequately maintained throughout the duration of the rated lifetime.

read more >> led full form


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